As Pontiac still wanted to offer a performance motor to compete in the performance market, they looked back to the 400 Pontiac and how it could be improved to offer greater performance while meeting CAFE standards. Bore and stroke were 4.121in 2.84in (104.7mm 72.1mm) 303.63cuin (4,976cc). An evolution of the RA IV and H.O. It was called the Ram Air IV due to the planned use of four air inlets. Furthermore, this car had an automatic, air conditioning, a 3.08 axle and weighed 4,010 pounds (1,819kg). By 1963 Pontiac decided it was time to release the 421 V8 officially to the general public and the motor would continue to be available until the end of the 1966 model year. This money bought a potent 389 V-8 with 267-283 bhp . The main upgrade for the engine was the ESC, (Electronic Spark Control)[15] which provided slightly more power at 170hp (127kW) with 4.9L (299cuin) for the 19801981 model years. Compression jumped from 11.0:1 to 12.0:1, while other tweaks increased maximum shift points by 500 rpm, to a screaming 6400 rpm. The 1971 Pontiac 455 HO was Pontiac's first engine to receive a special 800cuft/min (23m3/min) Rochester Quadra-jet carburetor with specific jetting. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. Some production test cars ran considerably slower and yielded 14-mile (402m) times in the 14.5 second/98mph (158km/h) range in showroom tune (uncited sources)- results that are quite consistent for a car with a curb weight of 3,850 pounds (1,746kg) and the rated 290hp (216kW) SAE NET figure that some sources suggest was "under-rated." It was the same engine as the '67-'68 400 HO[18] but for 1969 and 1970 it included a driver-selectable outside air induction system on the GTO(it was a separate option on Firebird), with the hood vents opened and closed using a knob located under the dash, below and to the right of the steering wheel, its bracket labeled "RAM AIR". Coil: GM Angles used in valve job: 30-deg intake, 45-deg exhaust seat, width 0.040-in intake, 0.060-in exhaust One of the key upgrades were the 6x4 heads. pontiac engine decoder year code c/i hp tran carb car misc 1962 13b 421 3 m 2 x 4 full super duty 1962 13u 421 4 m 2 x 4 full super duty 1962 bu 421 4 m 2 x 4 full super duty . What was most interesting about the 421 engine in the beginning was that it was a dealer installed option only known as the SD (Super Duty) 421. Standard ratio with the 400 was 3.55:1(except 3.36:1 in Firebird for 1969) regardless of transmission(3.23:1 for cars with air conditioning). Head ID Location Brand: Crower PN 60311, solid 1968 Pontiac GTO 428 / Royal Bobcat. ENGINE TYPE Water-cooled V-8, cast iron block and head Displacement 428 in 3, 7015 cm 3 Power 390 hp @ 5200 rpm The SD-455 used round-port cylinder heads similar to those used on the 1971 and 1972 455 HO, with specific "LS-2" intake and cast-iron exhaust header manifolds. Email Email. In 1967, the cylinder head design was improved for the 400 4-barrel engine. The 301 had a bore and stroke of 4in 3in (101.6mm 76.2mm). The GTO's new hood scoop design, with the inlets centrally located and mounted above the carburetor, provided the opportunity for experimentation. Engine options for the 1966 Pontiac Ventura were a 389 and 421 cubic inch V-8. A larger 4in (101.6mm) ram air flex duct to the air cleaner from the left-hand fender, specific carburettor calibration for the Rochester Quadrajet, a "T/A 4.9" callout on the shaker, 60 psi oil pump, and cam similar in grind to the 220hp (164kW) 400 from the 19781979 model year were also included. Jim Taylor knows this, so he took a mathematical engineering-style approach to finding 100 hp in a relatively optimized engine. The company says engines running this cam benefit from headers, cylinder-head port work, a large-cfm carb, and an ignition upgrade. This simply meant that Pontiac installed both the SD-389 and SD-421 into vehicles on its assembly line. The 421 used the same 4.120-inch bore but used the 4.0-inch crank from the 421 it replaced. In 1968 the 326 was replaced by the similarly 389-derived 350, which used a 3+78in (98.4mm) bore and 3+34in (95.3mm) stroke for a total displacement of 353.8cuin (5,798cc). 301 Turbo (210hp, 157kW), (with the 5th VIN character being a "T". . Along with proper parts selection, accurate machining and assembly are also important. Valves: Competition Products stainless steel, 1.92 /1.66-in Pontiac first offered three two-barrel carburetors in 1957 and the Tri-power set up was an option on the GTO from 1964-66. which was seen on the hood of the 1957 Daytona Grand National winning car driven by Cotton Owens. There was also the addition of dual exhaust, and for vehicles equipped with a manual transmission, a slightly more aggressive camshaft. Initially marketed as a 287cuin (4.7L), it went on to be manufactured in displacements between 265cuin (4.3L) and 455cuin (7.5L) in carburated, fuel injected, and turbocharged versions. Math, not gasoline, makes horsepower under the hood of a Pontiac. ft. After the SD-455 was certified with the new cam, it was production-ready but was then further delayed by the EPA mandating Pontiac recertify all of its engines when the EPA discovered that part-throttle emissions exceeded the limits. . Rod/Stroke ratio: 1.65:1BOTTOM END The 421 badging was standard on the 2+2, the 421 H.O. gasoline (petrol) engine with displacement: 6902 cm3 / 421.2 cui, advertised power: 252 kW / 338 hp / 343 PS . Though production cars only got the two hood air inlets the name was retained. During 19511952, Pontiac had 23 287cuin (4.7L) V8-equipped 1953 model production prototypes running tests on the GM proving grounds. Preparation: Wash after balance for assembly The engines feature a cast-iron block and head and two valves per cylinder. 1966 Pontiac GTO. This 356hp monster is backed by a 4-speed manual transmission, while the Pontiac also features power steering and power brakes. I don't know if it can be done, but I'm going to try." The concept car Pontiac Strato-Streak was used to introduce the V8 and in later years the engine was installed in Pontiac products. The premier SD 421 cylinder head was the late 1962-early 1963 casting #9771980 aka "980", featuring a larger 11.3cuin (185cc) intake port volume, flowing 230cuft/min (6.5m3/min) @ 28in (710mm). Price $15500.00. Required airflow at 28 in/H2O = HP/ # of cylinders/0.257 Specifications listing with the performance factory . This may have been propagated by the only authorized company that is licensed to reproduce these decals not including the "6.6 LITRE" in the Trans Am decal kits, and only including "T/A 6.6" with no extra cost. Pushrods: LPC chrome moly in. Pontiac engineers tested their 269cuin (4.4L) V8 in 1949 or 1950 against an OHV Oldsmobile Rocket V8 303cuin (5.0L) downsized to 270cuin (4.4L). Read. These muscle car profiles include photos and specifications for each model: For related car information, go to these articles: Please copy/paste the following text to properly cite this HowStuffWorks.com article: the Auto Editors of Consumer Guide Also bowing in 1967 was the new Firebird, which had the . The results showed Pontiac that an L-head simply couldn't compete with an overhead valve engine. 1966 Pontiac Catalina . For 1967 only Pontiac called this engine the Quadra-Power 428. It is a known fact that a person's pupils dilate slightly when viewing something pleasant to the eyes. RamAir 4 Motor Price $15500.00. release the 421 V8 officially to the general public and the motor would continue to be available until the end of the 1966 model year. Tri-power engine rated at 376 hp. Lift: 0.515/0.525 with 1.6:1 rockers Open pressure: 282 pounds at 1.100-in The basic package included the heavy-duty suspension, with even stiffer springs and shocks available. He says the Tri-Power setup modified with the addition of the larger '66 center carb will flow 1,050 cfm. [19], Parts for Ram Air V engines are not readily available. 18 watchers Piston pins: Icon, SAE 1016 to 1022 . The 326 subsequently became the optional V8 engine for Tempests, and later the Pontiac Firebird, through 1967 and maintained the 17 degree cylinder head valve angle for its entire production run. Learn how Classified Ads works . A big chunk of the appeal of the 1965 and '66 2+2 was the fact that you got a standard 421 under the hood: The 338hp, four-barrel 421-cu.in. A mere five were built, all with a four-speed transmission. Perhaps the most unusual variation of the Pontiac V8 was the 1961-63 Trophy 4, which was a 45-degree inclined 194.43cuin (3.2L) inline-4 created from the right bank of the 389 for the debut of the Tempest. While production of 196970 A-body Ram Air IV cars was low at just 1563 units(759 1969 GTOs including 302 Judges, and 804 1970 GTOs including 397 Judges) 1969 and 1970 model year F-body Ram Air IV cars were even rarer at just 245 total units produced. Engine Displacement: 432 ci Not where most enthusiasts go first. [9], The W72 engine was standard in all 1977 Pontiac Can Ams (bar the 1977 Can Ams sold in California/High Altitude states which received the L80 Oldsmobile 403) and was optional in all 1977-79 Pontiac Firebird Formula and Trans Am models. [4] It was replaced by the 455 for the 1970 model year. Two different cylinder-head castings were used for the 1962 model year, both with a combustion chamber volume of 68cc (4.15cuin) to produce an 11.0:1 compression ratio. The 421 engine is available only with related heavy-duty driveline components. Preparation: Cook, bead blast, magnaflux, bore, true decks, align bore Neither casting was equipped with an exhaust crossover. cam specs out at 215/225-degrees duration at 0.050 and has just 0.407/0.407 lift with the factory 1.50:1 rockers. Also added was the #48 casting number heads with a 68cc (4.15cuin) chamber for higher compression, along with larger 2.11 and 1.77in (54 and 45mm) valves. Pontiac's SCCA Trans-Am program was promising, with race-ready engines producing 475hp (354kW) to 525hp (391kW), however the series General Competition Rules required the manufacturer to produce no less than 250 vehicles with the 303. The 421 also marked the end of the option for a forged-steel crankshaft. The 389 was the standard engine on the GTO up to 1966. Beep, beep! Optional power was the 421/356 with Tri-Power or the 421 HO putting out 376 horses with Tri-Power. To learn everything you need to know about car engines, see. It had 2-bolt main bearing caps in 1969, but went to a block similar to the Ram Air IV's in 1969 that was drilled for 4-bolt main bearing caps (but used a cast crank and cast rods). The manuals had Hurst shifters. The 455 was fundamentally the same for the 1976 model year, albeit the shaker decal now just read "455". From 1969 though 1970, the Ram Air IV was available in both A-Body (GTO, including Judge) and F-body (Firebird, including Trans Am) form. 10 with 308/320 degrees of duration and 0.445/0.447-inch lift (11.3/11.4mm) with 1.65:1-ratio rocker arms and solid lifters, special #529238 forged-steel connecting rods, forged aluminum 4.09-inch (104mm) bore Mickey Thompson pistons, #542990 forged-steel crankshaft with a 4-inch (101.6mm) stroke and 3+14-inch (82.6mm) diameter main journals. $6.49 shipping. Oil pump: . [citation needed]. The air cleaners look like those used on the top dog 376 gross HP 421 CI engine but there was also a lesser 356 HP version available too. Whether all were installed in GTOs is unknown. With a view to the latter, what we find lurking under the hood is the 421ci Tri-Power V8. High output Pontiac V8 Cylinder Heads. The Catalina was the base intermediate-sized Pontiac resting on a 121-inch wheelbase that it shared with the Safari and the Grand Prix. In addition to the inline 6, Pontiac used the Oakland V8 for one year, 1932, debuting the Pontiac straight-8 engine in 1933. This chart covers Pontiac V8 Engines; 265, 301, 326, 350, 389, 400, 421 . Intake: 218 cfm at 0.500-in Crank: Original '64 421 1965-75 Pontiac & Tempest engine tune-upspecifications including timing, dwell angle, and Spark Plug Gap, and firing order. The 1958 370" engine and the 195960 389 version was named the "Tempest" V-8 and changed in 61 to the "Trophy" V8. Standard in the Firebird Trans Am, it was still a rare engine. Likewise, the top 428 carried the same 376-hp rating as the 1966 Pontiac 421 Tri-Power motor. Beginning in 1967 casting nnumbers moved to the rear of the block just behind cylinder #8 . An innovative design feature was mounting the rocker arms on ball pivots on studs set into the cylinder head, rather than using a separate rocker shaft. The 1979 W72/WS6 equipped Trans Am was considered to be one of the overall best performing cars of the decade due to having a powerplant that produced more power than any other competitor on the market at the time with handling equipment to supplement the performance.[12]. For 1959 the V8's stroke was increased to 3+34in (95.3mm), raising displacement to 389cuin (6.4L). An HO version could be ordered in the GTO, as GM had lifted its restrictions on offering engines larger than 400cuin (6.6L) in mid-sized cars (resulting in the 454 (7.44) Chevrolet Chevelle, Valve guides: K-Line, liners Bore/Stroke: 4.150/4.00-in SPECIFICATIONS. In 1973 a further refined and even stronger but less powerful version, the Super Duty (SD) engine, was planned for Firebird, Grand Am, Le Mans (GTO), and Grand Prix models. The 421 SD became factory installed in 1962 and in 1963 a street version became available from the factory with a dual four-barrel or three two-barrel Tri-Power carburetion. of torque at 3,600 RPM in the Firebird, with only a small throttle restrictor tab on the Firebird being different. Year: CU IN: Casting # 1967: 326. A three-speed stick was standard; a four-speed and automatic cost extra. The single four barrel was rated at 333 bhp while the Tri-Power version carried a 348 bhp rating. . 1966 Engine Codes ; Code: Application: Displacement: Compression: Horsepower: Transmission: Heads: Camshaft: Carb: WA : 389: 8.6:1: 256: Manual: 91: 254: 2 bbl: WB . Detroit, however, was reluctant to relinquish its time-tested biggest-car/best-engine formula. Optional engines included the 356hp Tri-Power as seen on our feature car (code WH manual or YJ auto), or the 421HO, rated at 376hp . All Rights Reserved. Power ratings increased accordingly: Several dealer-installed camshafts were optional to increase power further to 317hp (236kW). All Pontiac Bonneville Convertible versions offered for the year 1966 with complete specs, performance and technical data in the catalogue of cars . . The Pontiac 2+2 is a full size automobile that was manufactured by Pontiac, built on the B-body chassis.It debuted for the 1964 model year as a trim-only option for the Pontiac Catalina, with special door panels, bucket seats with a center console, and exterior badging.Pontiac marketed the 2+2 as the "big brother" to the popular Pontiac GTO.. Beginning in 1965 the name Catalina was no longer . 1968 - 400 Ram Air II Round Port Code 96. In 1977 the 400-cubic-inch (6.6L) T/A 6.6, (RPO code W72) was created to fulfil the performance engine gap in the Pontiac line-up. The stroke increased to 4.21-inch (106.9mm). The 421 SD produced up . It had a four-barrel carburetor, dual exhaust, and higher compression, and was good for 280hp (209kW) for 19631964, and 285hp (213kW) for 1965 - 1966 and the final year, 1967. said the "Pontiac 421 cu. By 1949 work on a 287cuin (4.7L) OHV V8 had begun, but moved along slowly. 1966 Pontiac Ventura Specifications. Brand: Fel-Pro head and intake/ SCE pan and timing cover Calling into play enormous power and a decent 55/45 weight distribution, the 2+2 could be launched with little tire spin and guided through corners with alarming efficiency. Block/Crank combo: '64 four-bolt 421 / '64 OE 4.00-in stroke Mods: Built to factory specifications/ adapt '64 choke to '66 center carburetor It is probably best known for it's Tri-power option, which was optional on GTO's from 1964 through 1966.. Ellingson Motorcars (877) 638-7170. Bore/Stroke ratio: 1.04:1 Setting initial timing at idle with the vacuum advance disconnected will usually fall around 12 to 16 degrees, but that's not really important. Fuel pump: Will use 110-gph Carter Pontiac produced the 421 V8 engine from 1961 to 1968. Preparation: Weigh, soap-and-water wash Pontiac's initial plans were to use a camshaft with specs identical to the 041 Ram Air IV camshaft, but testing showed emissions, while technically compliant, did not have "cushion" to satisfy Pontiac's emissions engineers, to avoid production variation leading to any non-compliant engines being produced and sold. With higher compression and dual exhaust it produced 280hp (209kW) for 19631964, and 285hp (213kW) for 1965 through 1967, its final year. Turn adjusting screw in Clockwise until engine misfires, then turn screw out 1/2 turn . Bearings: Sealed-Power mains and rods, cam Dura-Bond Engine block and cylinder heads were cast at Saginaw Metal Casting Operations then assembled at Tonawanda Engine before delivery to Pontiac Assembly for installation. The 1970 '455 HO' was a conventional "D" port engine. This was the last run for the 455 (7.5 L) motor from Pontiac, and production ceased on the 455 this year as it could no longer meet the emissions requirements any longer. Pontiac offered Tri-Power on select models and engines (347, 370, 389, and 421 CID) from 1957 through 1966, when it was finally . Both Randy and Stan were aware of the . Rated at 370 horsepower at 5,200 rpm and 460 pounds-feet of torque at 3,800 rpm, it has 10.75:1 compression, with induction through three Rochester two-barrel carbs, Pontiac's well-known "Tri-Power" setup. [citation needed] It was the first engine that incorporated Pontiac's round-port head design in a production vehicle, however the intake port was the same as other D-port heads, leaving a head which exhaust port could nearly match the intake at high valve lifts. Reductions in reciprocating weight free up horsepower. For 1965, however, the 2+2 became a bonafide muscle car. All GTOs built from 1964-66 were powered by a 389-cubic-inch V-8 with 10.75:1 compression. and so the 326 bore size was reduced to 3.72in (94.5mm), giving a true 326.06cuin (5.3L). It was removed from the design for the 1960 model year because designers moved the generator and the power steering pump from atop the front of the engine down to the front of the heads to accommodate a lower hoodline. "1966 Pontiac 2+2" Are you thinking of buying a 2007 muscle car, or any other car? Pontiac continued using its round-port cylinder-head design for 1971-'72 on the 455 HO. [2] This was the engine installed in the Pontiac Executive line of large cars[3] and its largest station wagon, the Pontiac Safari. Maximum flow at 28 inches of water The 400 remained in production through the 1978 model year, with 1979 cars receiving engines produced the previous year. Rocker arms: Crower roller, 1.6:1 Stating in 1962 the "421" and the "421 SD" engine became available as a factory option until 1966. 1967 - 400 Ram Air or 428 Code 670. 3.75. Only about 400 were produced before the fuel injection system was quietly dropped. Returns; . The initial press cars that were given to the various enthusiast magazines (e.g. [5] It was rated at 360hp (268kW), but the Grand Prix with the same specifications was rated at 370hp (276kW).[6]. Pontiac planned to produce the 1953 models with the V8, but Buick and Oldsmobile appealed to GM management and earned a 2-year delay. Federal emissions standards and the drive towards "corporate" engines shared among all GM divisions led to the progressive demise of the Pontiac V8 through the late 1970s. Preparation: Install in rod, torque, measure ID In addition to the more refined cylinder heads, block casting reinforcements in the lifter galley and main bearing oil pan rail area, it had forged connecting rods with larger 716-inch-diameter (11mm) bolts. The valve angle was reduced from 17 degrees to 14 degrees for better breathing. By 1963, the more powerful Pontiac 421 was beginning to outshine the 389 for performance applications. Forged rods and forged-aluminum pistons were specified, as were unique high-flow cylinder-heads. In the early '60s, the engine program at the Pontiac division of General Motors was a wide-open operation that bustled with innovation. Pontiac engine production records report that 190 XS-code 389 engines were built during the 1966 model year. Oil pan: 8-quart with extended pick-up, fabricated retention clamp They acquired the featured Montero Red 1966 Pontiac Catalina post car, which was equipped from the factory with the 421 H.O. Pontiac Engine Torque Specs Pontiac Engine Torque Specs. - P.Top - Correct Exterior/Interior. Engine Block Date Code. 1. The first of the "big journal" Pontiac V8s, it had a bore and stroke of 4+332in 4in (104.0mm 101.6mm) and came with dual four-barrel carburetors. Valve seals: U.S. Seal Mods: Flow-test indicated '66 center carburetor would be required to improve total cfm, adapter made to fit '66 center carburetorIGNITION Head bolts do not pull on the cylinder wall causing distortion. Fuel line size: 38-inch, 516-inch to carburetor To learn about it, read. The 301.6cuin (4.9L) 301 was offered from 1977 to 1981 and also installed in other GM cars during those years. For 1958 the V8's bore was increased again to 4+116in (103.2mm), increasing displacement to 369.4cuin (6.1L). Again, its bore was expanded, this time 0.03in (0.76mm) to 4.1525in (105.47mm). In 1968, a 320hp (239kW) HO option was offered in the Tempest and Firebird. Two-barrel carburetor, 8.5:1 compression, 227hp (169kW) @ 4600rpm, 333lbft (451Nm) @ 2300rpm, Four-barrel carburetor, 10:1 compression, 244hp (182kW) @ 4800rpm, 350lbft (475Nm) @ 2600rpm, Two-barrel carburetor, 10.0:1 compression, 244hp (182kW) @ 4800rpm, 350lbft (475Nm) @ 2600rpm, Four-barrel carburetor, 10.25:1 compression, 270hp (201kW) @ 4800rpm, 359lbft (487Nm) @ 2900rpm. It tips the scales at 3,950lbs. Secondary: Front and rear #70 Jim told HPP, "Since I was a young man in the '60s, I always thought how great it would be to find a true 100hp in a legendary 421 Tri-Power setup that retained its iron heads and intake. The standard head seen on an L78 400 Pontiac was the low compression 6x8 head, while the 6x4 head seen on the W72 had hardened valve seats for a higher RPM operating range, improved air flow, and higher compression.